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Published: July 27, 2024

Why is My Tooth Nerve Sensitive?

Have you ever enjoyed a refreshing ice cream cone when a searing pain shoots through your tooth? Or you sip your morning coffee, and suddenly, your smile turns into a grimace. These scenarios might be signs of an exposed tooth nerve.

The exposed tooth nerve, or pulpitis, is a dental issue that can be uncomfortable. Delve deeper into this topic, explore the causes, symptoms, and, most importantly, how to find relief with Eddie G. Tennison.

What is the Tooth Nerve?

Your tooth’s hard outer shell is enamel, protecting the softer dentin layer beneath. At the center lies the pulp, a soft tissue containing blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue.

The tooth nerve, housed within the pulp, sends sensations like heat, cold, and pain to the brain.

The Importance of the Tooth Nerve

Healthy tooth nerves are crucial in maintaining a bright, healthy smile. They help us detect threats like extreme temperatures or damaged tissue, allowing us to avoid further injury. Think of them as tiny alarms within your teeth, constantly monitoring for danger.

The Anatomy of the Tooth Nerve

The tooth nerve isn't just a single strand; it's a network of nerves branching throughout the pulp. These nerves connect to the primary nerves in the jaw and eventually reach the brain. This intricate network allows for precise pain localization, helping dentists pinpoint the exact source of discomfort.

Causes of Exposed Tooth Nerve

Several factors can lead to an exposed tooth nerve. Let's explore some of the most common culprits:

Tooth Decay (Cavities)

Cavities are the most frequent cause of exposed tooth nerves. When bacteria are allowed to accumulate on teeth due to poor oral hygiene, they produce acids that eat away at the enamel and dentin.

If left untreated, these cavities can eventually reach the pulp, exposing the sensitive nerves.

Gum Recession

Gum recession is the gradual wearing away of gum tissue that exposes the tooth's root surface. This exposed root surface lacks the protective enamel layer, making it more susceptible to decay and ultimately exposing the nerve.

Causes of Gum Recession

  • Aggressive Brushing: Too hard can irritate and damage gum tissue over time.
  • Poor Flossing: Plaque buildup at the gum line can contribute to gum inflammation and recession.
  • Hormonal Changes: Pregnancy and menopause can make gums more sensitive and prone to recession.
  • Tobacco Use: Smoking and chewing tobacco can significantly increase the risk of gum disease and recession.

Preventing Gum Recession

  • Gentle Brushing: Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and brush with gentle circular motions.
  • Proper Flossing: Floss daily to remove plaque and debris from between teeth.
  • Regular Dental Cleanings: Regular dental cleanings act as a defense shield against gum disease by removing plaque and tartar buildup.
  • Maintaining Good Oral Hygiene: Brushing twice daily and flossing once daily is essential for healthy gums.

Tooth Trauma

Damage to your tooth, such as a chip, crack, or fracture, can expose the inner pulp and nerves. This type of dental trauma can occur due to accidents, falls, or improper use of teeth, such as opening bottles.

Dental Procedures

Specific dental procedures, such as deep fillings or crown preparations, may inadvertently expose the pulp, leading to sensitivity or pain.

Dental Fillings

Large cavities sometimes require extensive drilling, potentially reaching the pulp chamber and exposing the nerve.

Crown Preparation

Crowns often require significant removal of tooth structure to ensure a proper fit. Sometimes, this process can come very close to the pulp, potentially irritating the nerve.

Root Canal Treatment

While it may seem counterintuitive, a root canal is sometimes necessary to address an already exposed and infected tooth nerve. The dentist removes the infected pulp tissue, including the nerves, during a root canal to save the tooth.

Other Factors

  • Grinding or Clenching Teeth: This habit can put excessive pressure on teeth, potentially leading to cracks or fractures that expose the nerve.
  • Age-Related Changes: The pulp tissue inside our teeth shrinks as we age. This can make dentin more vulnerable to wear and tear, increasing the risk of nerve exposure.

Exposed Tooth Nerve Symptoms

Exposed tooth nerves can manifest in various ways. Here are some of the telltale signs:

  • Sensitivity to Cold, Hot, Sweet, or Sour Foods: A sharp, throbbing pain when consuming hot, cold, sugary, or acidic foods and beverages is a classic symptom.
  • Pain When Chewing: Chewing can pressure the inflamed pulp, causing discomfort or pain.
  • Sharp Pain: Exposed nerves can trigger sharp, spontaneous pain that comes and goes or persists for extended periods.
  • Lingering Pain: Even after the initial stimulus is removed (e.g., finishing a hot drink), the pain may linger for some time.
  • Toothache: A general toothache, throbbing or dull, can be a symptom of an exposed nerve.

Other Symptoms

In some cases, tooth nerves exposed may present with additional symptoms:

  • Discoloration of the Tooth: A tooth with an exposed nerve may become discolored due to bleeding within the pulp chamber. The tooth may appear darker or grayish.
  • Swelling Around the Tooth: Inflammation and infection associated with the exposed nerve can cause swelling of the gum tissue around the affected tooth.

Diagnosing the Exposed Tooth Nerve

An excruciating toothache that lingers could signal an exposed nerve. Don't wait for the pain to worsen -  seeing a dentist is key for diagnosis. Here's what dentists typically do to identify this dental issue:

  • Comprehensive Checkup: Your dentist will thoroughly examine, combining a visual inspection for cracks, decay, and gum health with dental X-rays to uncover any underlying issues reaching the tooth pulp or jawbone.
  • Sensitivity Tests: The dentist may gently tap on the tooth or use a small probe to test for sensitivity, helping pinpoint the source of pain.

Treatment for an Exposed Tooth Nerve

The treatment for an exposed tooth nerve depends on the severity of the condition and the extent of damage. Here are some potential treatment options:

  • Desensitizing Toothpaste and Mouthwash: These products can temporarily relieve mild sensitivity caused by minimal nerve exposure.
  • Fluoride Treatment: Fluoride strengthens tooth enamel, helping to prevent further decay and protect the exposed nerve.
  • Dental Bonding: For small areas of exposed dentin, bonding with a composite resin can seal the surface and reduce sensitivity.
  • Crown Placement: If the tooth structure is significantly compromised, a crown may be necessary to protect the tooth and prevent further damage to the nerve.

Root Canal Treatment

If the nerve is significantly inflamed or infected, a root canal is likely the most effective treatment.

The Process

A dentist starts by numbing the area to save a tooth in trouble.  Next, they create a small opening in the tooth's crown to access the infected pulp, a network of nerves and blood vessels.  They carefully remove this inflamed tissue from the main chamber and the hidden canals within the root.

The canals are then cleaned, disinfected, and filled with a particular material. Finally, the tooth is sealed with a filling or crown.

Recovery and Aftercare

Some discomfort following a root canal is normal. Over-the-counter pain relievers can help manage any lingering pain. Good oral hygiene practices and regular dental checkups are crucial for maintaining the treated tooth.

Tooth Extraction

For teeth beyond repair or infections that defy treatment, extraction offers a clean slate for oral health.

Preventing an Exposed Tooth Nerve

The good news is that many cases of exposed tooth nerves can be prevented with proper oral hygiene and preventive care:

  • Proper Oral Hygiene: Brushing twice daily with fluoride toothpaste and flossing daily are essential for removing plaque and bacteria contributing to decay and gum disease.
  • Using Fluoride Toothpaste: Fluoride strengthens tooth enamel, making it more decay-resistant.
  • Regular Dental Checkups: Scheduling regular dental checkups and cleanings lets your dentist detect and address potential problems before they escalate.
  • Avoiding Trauma to the Teeth: Wear a mouthguard to protect your teeth from injury during sports activities.

Living with an Exposed Tooth Nerve

While not ideal, it's possible to temporarily manage an exposed tooth nerve until you can see a dentist. Here are some tips:

  • Pain Management: Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help manage discomfort.
  • Prescription Pain Medications: Sometimes, your dentist at Eddie G Tennison will prescribe more vital pain medication for severe pain.
  • Home Remedies: Rinsing with warm salt water can temporarily relieve inflammation. A cold compress applied to the cheek near the affected tooth can also help numb the area.

Exposed Tooth Nerve Relief in Round Rock, Texas

Dr. Eddie G. Tennison, a dentist serving Round Rock for over 35 years, understands the discomfort of an exposed tooth nerve. If you're experiencing a throbbing toothache, our experienced and board-certified dentist can provide the expert care you need.

At Eddie G. Tennison DDS, we prioritize your comfort and well-being.  We offer advanced techniques in a relaxing environment to help you achieve lasting relief from your toothache. 

Contact us to schedule an appointment and get back to smiling pain-free.

Conclusion

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An exposed tooth nerve can be painful and disruptive. However, with proper dental care and early intervention, you can achieve relief and preserve your top-tier oral health.

Remember, prevention is key! By practicing good oral hygiene, scheduling regular dental checkups, and avoiding habits that can damage your teeth, you can significantly reduce your risk of developing an exposed tooth nerve.

If you're experiencing an exposed tooth nerve or any other dental concern in Round Rock, Texas, Dr. Eddie G. Tennison and his friendly team at his family practice are here to help. Since 1988, we've provided comprehensive dental care to patients of all ages. Schedule an appointment today and experience the difference quality dentistry can make!

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